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Scientists capture image showing escaping jets from black hole

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Astronomers have captured an image from deep space which shows a jet material coming out from a black hole and entering into a space between the galaxies.

The released image of a black hole — located at the centre of the galaxy Messier 87 (M87) — would enable scientists to determine the behaviour of black holes.

Supermassive black holes are mysterious objects, located at the centre of a space which are gravitationally so powerful that nothing can escape from them not even light. It is still unknown what is inside the black hole or what happens when something goes inside a black hole.

Many supermassive black holes emit powerful light jets that are extremely bright.

A view of the jet and shadow of M87’s black hole was released on April 26, 2023. — European Southern Observatory/R.-S. Lu (SHAO), E. Ros (MPIfR), S. Dagnello (NRAO/AUI/NSF)
A view of the jet and shadow of M87’s black hole was released on April 26, 2023. — European Southern Observatory/R.-S. Lu (SHAO), E. Ros (MPIfR), S. Dagnello (NRAO/AUI/NSF)

Dr Ru-Sen Lu, the lead author of the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory said: “We know that jets are ejected from the region surrounding black holes, but we still do not fully understand how this actually happens.”

“To study this directly we need to observe the origin of the jet as close as possible to the black hole,” said Dr Lu.

The observation was carried out with the help of telescopes from the Global Millimetre VLBI Array (GMVA), the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Greenland Telescope (GLT), in 2018.

The focus object in space is galaxy M87 which is 55m light years away. This galaxy hosts a black hole which is 6.5bn times huge than the Sun.

According to scientists, the emitting jets from supermassive black holes are powered by the rotation of the black hole. But they do not yet know what causes them.

The captured image was published in the journal Nature showing the material interacting with matter, spinning around a supermassive black hole, however, the picture does not show the point of origin.

Dr Kazunori Akiyama of MIT’s Haystack Observatory, said: “This is the first image where we are able to pin down where the ring is, relative to the powerful jet escaping out of the central black hole.”

The supermassive black hole imaged by the EHT is located in the centre of the elliptical galaxy M87, located about 55 million light-years from Earth. This image was captured by FORS2 on ESOs Very Large Telescope. The short linear feature near the centre of the image is a jet produced by the black hole. — NASA/File
The supermassive black hole imaged by the EHT is located in the centre of the elliptical galaxy M87, located about 55 million light-years from Earth. This image was captured by FORS2 on ESO’s Very Large Telescope. The short linear feature near the centre of the image is a jet produced by the black hole. — NASA/File

Dr Akiyama, who is also the developer of the imaging software used to visualise the black hole, said: “Now we can start to address questions such as how particles are accelerated and heated, and many other mysteries around the black hole, more deeply.”

An astrophysicist Dr Ziri Younsi at University College London, who was not involved in the process, explained the image as “really exciting”. 

“It’s another important piece of the story of how black holes power jets.”

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In three months, Pakistan’s IT exports increased by 33.54 percent.

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During the first three months of FY 2024-25 (July to September), Pakistan’s IT export remittances hit US$ 876 million, a notable 33.54 percent rise from US$ 656 million during the same period previous year (FY 2023-24).

In a statement, Minister of State for IT and Telecommunication Shaza Fatima Khawaja stated that the amount of money sent home by the export of ICT services was US$ 292 million in September 2024, a 41.7% increase from US$ 206 million in the same month the previous year.

She stated that efforts to make it easier for businesses to conduct business in the nation are the reason why IT exports are rising and that actions are being taken to increase them.

In response to the Prime Minister’s directions, Shaza Fatima stated that the Ministry of IT and Telecommunication, the Pakistan Software Export Board, and the IT industry are dedicated to boosting IT exports with the full assistance of the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC).

A trade surplus of US$ 764 million was recorded by the IT & ITeS sector in the first three months of FY 2024–25, accounting for 87.21 percent of all ICT export remittances.

Over the same period last year, this surplus represents a 36.67 percent gain over US$ 559 million. The services industry as a whole, however, experienced a trade deficit of US$ 699 million during this period.

The largest of all service sectors, ICT export remittances from July to September 2024, were US$ 656 million, followed by “other business services” at US$ 374 million.

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Instagram, WhatsApp, and Reality Labs layoffs are announced by Meta

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Instagram, WhatsApp, and Reality Labs divisions of tech behemoth Meta have all announced layoffs.

Part of the company’s continuous endeavour to match resources with its long-term strategic goals and location plan is the decision that was made on Wednesday.

The long-term goal of the adjustments, according to a statement from Meta, is to keep the business competitive. “Today, a few teams at Meta are making changes to ensure resources are aligned with their long-term strategic goals and location strategy,” said the statement. Though attempts would be made to assist affected staff in securing other opportunities, the corporation stated that although some employees will move to different roles, others may find their positions abolished.

Despite not disclosing the precise number of layoffs, Meta seems to be carrying out CEO Mark Zuckerberg’s “Year of Efficiency,” which he started in the previous year. In an effort to reduce costs overall and shift its attention away from the Metaverse, Meta has eliminated over 10,000 workers since making that announcement.

Curiously, the second quarter’s financial results beat expectations, and this was announced right after the layoffs. That being said, the decision to restructure its virtual reality hardware and software operations was probably influenced by the department’s continued significant losses.

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Adobe unveils the Firefly AI video creator.

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Adobe has enhanced its Firefly Video Model by introducing an AI-driven video generator to augment its creative apps.

The Adobe Firefly Video Model will boost the functionalities of creative tools such as Photoshop, Illustrator, Adobe Express, and Premiere Pro.

Ely Greenfield, chief technology officer of digital media at Adobe, stated, “The adoption of Firefly in our creative applications has been substantial, and it is inspiring to observe how the creative community has utilised it to expand the limits of possibility.” “We are excited to provide creative professionals with additional tools for ideation and creation, all engineered to ensure commercial safety.”

The inaugural Generative Extend tool for Premiere Pro is currently accessible in beta, enabling users to prolong clips by a maximum of two seconds at resolutions of 720p or 1080p at 24 FPS.

Users will furthermore have the capability to utilise the program to augment audio, prolonging sound effects by up to ten seconds.

Furthermore, Adobe is launching two new web-based video production tools: Text-to-Video and Image-to-Video.

These tools are currently accessible in a restricted public beta within the Firefly online application.

According to Adobe, the Firefly Video Model is currently in a restricted public beta on their website.

Individuals wishing to utilise the new tools must currently join the waitlist, while generations remain complimentary during this period.

The company announced that it will provide additional details regarding Firefly AI video generation offerings and pricing following its formal public launch.

The news occurred weeks after Meta introduced Movie Gen, an AI-driven tool for generating realistic movie clips.

The program will utilise a text prompt to produce 16-second films accompanied by synced AI-generated audio.

Meta has stated that Movie Gen will create personalised artificial intelligence videos utilising only one photograph.

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