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Pakistan plans to quadruple domestic coal-fired power, move away from gas

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  • Energy minister says LNG is no longer part of long-term plan.
  • Country plans increasing domestic coal-fired power capacity to 10GW in medium-term. 
  • Pakistan’s annual LNG imports fell to lowest levels in five years.

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan plans to quadruple its domestic coal-fired capacity to reduce power generation costs and will not build new gas-fired plants in the coming years, its energy minister told Reuters on Monday, as it seeks to ease a crippling foreign-exchange crisis.

A shortage of natural gas, which accounts for over a third of the country’s power output, plunged large areas into hours of darkness last year. A surge in global prices of liquefied natural gas (LNG) after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and an onerous economic crisis had made LNG unaffordable for Pakistan.

“LNG is no longer part of the long-term plan,” Pakistan Energy Minister Khurram Dastgir Khan told Reuters, adding that the country plans to increase domestic coal-fired power capacity to 10 gigawatts (GW) in the medium-term, from 2.31 GW currently.

Pakistan’s plan to switch to coal to provide its citizens reliable electricity underscores challenges in drafting effective decarbonisation strategies, at a time when some developing countries are struggling to keep lights on.

Despite power demand increasing in 2022, Pakistan’s annual LNG imports fell to the lowest levels in five years as European buyers elbowed out price-sensitive consumers.

“We have some of the world’s most efficient regasified LNG-based power plants. But we don’t have the gas to run them,” Dastgir said in an interview.

The South Asian nation, which is battling a wrenching economic crisis and is in dire need of funds, is seeking to reduce the value of its fuel imports and protect itself from geopolitical shocks, he said.

Pakistan’s foreign exchange reserves held by the central bank have fallen to $2.9 billion, barely enough to cover three weeks of imports.

“It’s this question of not just being able to generate energy cheaply, but also with domestic sources, that is very important,” Dastgir said.

The Shanghai Electric Thar plant, a 1.32 GW capacity plant that runs on domestic coal and is funded under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), started producing power last week. The CPEC is a part of Beijing’s global Belt and Road Initiative.

In addition to the coal-fired plants, Pakistan also plans to boost its solar, hydro and nuclear power fleet, Dastgir said, without elaborating.

If the proposed plants are constructed, it could also widen the gap between Pakistan’s power demand and installed power generation capacity, potentially forcing the country to idle plants.

The maximum power demand met by Pakistan during the year ended June 2022 was 28.25 GW, more than 35% lower than power generation capacity of 43.77 GW.

It was not immediately clear how Pakistan will finance the proposed coal fleet, but Dastgir said setting up new plants will depend on “investor interest,” which he expects to increase when newly commissioned coal-fired plants are proved viable.

Financial institutions in China and Japan, which are among the biggest financiers of coal units in developing countries, have been backing out of funding fossil-fuel projects in recent years amid pressure from activists and Western governments.

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Changes in the US dollar’s value are directly correlated with variations in gold prices.

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The price of 24-karat gold in Pakistan increased by Rs1500 on Thursday, reaching Rs231,000 per tola. This was another jump in the price of gold in the country.

Dealers reported a comparable surge in the price of 10 grams of 24-karat gold, which is currently trading at Rs198,045 after rising by Rs1285. In addition, the cost of ten grams of 22-karat gold increased significantly, trading at Rs 181,541.

These fluctuations are strongly correlated with shifts in the US dollar’s value, demonstrating the tight connection between gold prices and exchange rates. This emphasizes how local gold markets are impacted by variables related to the global economy.

At Rs2,580, the price of 24-karat silver remains steady right now. The price of gold increased significantly on a global scale as well, rising by $14 to $2,214 per ounce.

It’s critical to understand that changes in the worldwide market can have a substantial impact on gold prices in Pakistan throughout the day. The gold rates that are offered are obtained from reliable sources, mostly situated in Karachi and Multan.

It is recommended that individuals seek the advice of nearby gold merchants and jewellers for the most precise and current information regarding gold prices.

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Pakistan pledged to finish building the TAPI gas pipeline.

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The minister discussed the importance of the TAPI gas pipeline project for Pakistan’s energy needs during a meeting with Turkmenistan’s ambassador to Pakistan, Atadjan Movlamov.

The Minister was congratulated by Ambassador Movlamov on taking office and his commitment to the project was noted.

Dr. Musadik Malik thanked the ambassador for his kind words, acknowledged the support, and promised to maintain the two nations’ friendship. The intergovernmental commission and working group meetings for the project this year were briefed by Atadjan Movlamov.

He invited the Minister to attend the Turkmenistan Energy Forum, which would take place in Paris the following month.

TAPI undertaking
The project is for the construction of a 1,680-kilometer pipeline with a 56-inch diameter that can carry 3.2 billion cubic feet of gas per day (bcfd) from Turkmenistan through Afghanistan and Pakistan to the border between Pakistan and India.

According to the terms of the TAPI agreement, Afghanistan would receive its portion of 0.5 billion cubic feet of gas per day, while Pakistan and India will each receive 1.325 billion cubic feet of gas per day.

In order to carry out the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) gas pipeline project, Pakistan and Turkmenistan inked a cooperative implementation plan in Islamabad on June 4.

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and a delegation from Turkmenistan, led by Minister of Energy and Water Resources Daler Juma’a, were present at the ceremony.

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The price of gold is still rising in Pakistan.

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According to the All Sindh Sarafa Jewellers Association, the cost of 10 grams of 24 karat gold grew by Rs. 86 to Rs. 196,760 from Rs. 196,674, while the cost of 10 grams of 22 carat gold jumped to Rs. 180,363 from Rs. 180,284.

The price of silver per tola and ten grams stayed at Rs. 2,211.93 and Rs. 2,580, respectively.

According to the Association, the price of gold on the global market rose by $7 to $2,200 from $.2,193.

It is important to note that Pakistani and IMF personnel have agreed at the staff level on the second and final review conducted as part of Pakistan’s Stand-By arrangement.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and Pakistan have reached a staff-level agreement on the second and final review of Pakistan’s stabilization program, which is supported by the IMF’s US$3 billion (SDR2,250 million) SBA Agreement. This is according to the official statement released by a team led by Nathan Porter.

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